Acid-base titration stands as a fundamental analytical technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution. This procedure involves the stepwise addition of a specified solution, laboratory chemical called the titrant, to a analyte of unknown concentration until the reaction between the acid and base is complete. The point at which

In acid-base titrations, the equivalence point signifies the precise moment when the {acid|analyte and base have completely neutralized. This crucial phase is often indicated by a noticeable change in the pH, though it may not always be directly observable. To accurately pinpoint this cutoff, techniques like using an color-changing reagent or obser